Pergolas

Craft your outdoor oasis

Start enjoying your backyard again with a full
pergola build from the experts.

Discover your dream build

Get some inspiration from a few of our favorite projects.

Benefits

Memories are made in the shade

Our pergolas offer the perfect blend of style and function, providing shade, enhancing outdoor spaces, and creating a cozy spot that your family will love all year long.

Extended Living Space

Expand your horizons, right in
your backyard.

Enhanced Comfort

Rain or shine, your comfort is key.

Increased Property Value

More than just beauty–it’s a
smart investment.

Entertainment Ready

Turn any day into an occasion.

Illo frame 1
Illo
Illo
Illo (1)

Your pergola, your way

CYP has personalized pergola solutions for every lifestyle. Discover the design that fits your home and family best.

Attached to House

Poolside pergola

Freestanding

Gable

Our warranty has you covered

Protect your investment with our extended warranty.

No sticker shock, we have 0% financing!

Upgrade your backyard without breaking the bank. With 0% financing, your pergola dreams are within reach.

SkyLift Roof Risers
The Elevated Solution

Less Wood, More “Whoa!”—Upgrade to a Floating SkyPergola

Less Wood, More “Whoa!”—Upgrade to a Floating SkyPergola

The proof is in the pergola

Check out these reviews from our happy customers.

CYP was able to design and install a covered pergola for our (no longer) hot 🥵 patio—our 3 mini Aussies are able to sit without baking in the sun ☀️
Rich O.
Texas | Happy dogs enjoying their cover
"My pergola turned out better than I had expected!!"
Christiane W.
Florida | Loving their pergola
The design process was seamless, with the team offering insightful recommendations that perfectly matched our vision. The quality of the materials used is top-notch—robust, durable, and beautifully finished.
Trish A.
Texas | Patio vision came to life

Get a Quote Today!

Get a personalized quote for your project.

How to measure slope

Step 1

Start at the highest point
Begin your measurement at the highest point of the pergola.

Step 2

Measure the drop
Measure the vertical drop over a horizontal distance (the drop should be from the highest to the lowest point)

Step 3

Calculate the ratio
Divide the vertical drop by the horizontal distance to find the slope ratio

Would you like to save the quote details?

Enter an email to send the quote details.

Where is the project?

Your zip code helps us determine service availability, accurately estimate shipping costs, and find nearby installation experts.

Break out the measuring tape! We need some numbers to get you the best info.

Measurements should be rounded up to the nearest foot.
Material is easy to cut, not easy to ship.

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Need a custom build for a funky shape? There’s more to life than squares and rectangles. Schedule a call and we’ll get you sorted.

What’s your material of choice?

Two great options to match any style.

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Do you have a concrete slab?

Every awesome project needs a good foundation for success. Got slab?

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

How big are we talking? Measure your pergola.

Measurements should be rounded up to the nearest foot. When measuring length, measure from the top side of the slope 

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Need to cover something that isn’t a square or rectangle? A-frame or gazebo?
Schedule a call and we’ll get you sorted

Which pergola cover fits your needs?

Select from our systems, or let us help guide your choice!

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Worried about getting wet?

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Worried about high winds over 85 mph?

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

What is the average snowfall in your area?

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

We’ve got your perfect match! Apollo

Hercules

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

We’ve got your perfect match! Hercules

Experience the strength of Hercules, designed to withstand the toughest weather conditions and protect your outdoor space year-round.

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

We’ve got a custom quote, made just for you.

Remember, this is just an estimate and prices are subject to change. We’ll get a more accurate number after speaking with you directly.

Concrete Slab Yes

Pergola Build Free Standing

Length 20ft Width 60ft

Material Wood

Location Parker, Colorado (80134)

System Cover Hercules

Description
Our most advanced system. Designed for the elements and built to last.

Total Cost $2,400

Starting at $500 /mo or 0% APR with affirm. See if you qualify

*Depending on credit worthiness

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

The CYP Difference

Custom Products, Tailored Service
Forget one-size-fits-all. Say hello to custom solutions tailored just for you. At CYP, our people are ready to tackle your toughest questions—whether it’s weekend worries, scheduling shifts, or last-minute issues.

Commercial-Grade Materials, Backyard-Ready
From bustling business fronts to European soccer stadiums, our materials set the standard. We deliver this professional-grade quality directly to your backyard, ensuring your outdoor space is in a league of its own.

Superior Warranties
With our hassle-free 10-year warranty on covers and a 1-year workmanship warranty on pergolas, CYP stands by its craftsmanship longer than most. Rest easy knowing you’re covered, year after year.

Flexible Financing Options
Whether you’re spreading costs short-term or planning for the long haul, our interest-free financing up to 36 months ensures flexibility without the fees. We handle the interest, so you can invest in your dreams without the burden.

Experience True Peace of Mind
CYP is a place where your outdoor dreams are taken seriously, and every project is a priority. Discover the peace of mind that comes with partnering with a team that cares deeply about your outdoor living space.

We’ve got a custom quote, made just for you.

Note: this quote does not include the cost of labor and materials for modifications to the current structure (e.g. staining, adding slope, etc.)

Length 20ft Width 60ft

System Cover Hercules

Description
Our most advanced system. Designed for the elements and built to last.

Install Services No

Location Parker, Colorado (80134)

Shipping

Total Cost $2,400

Starting at $500 /mo or 0% APR with affirm. See if you qualify

*Depending on credit worthiness

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

The CYP Difference

Custom Products, Tailored Service
Forget one-size-fits-all. Say hello to custom solutions tailored just for you. At CYP, our people are ready to tackle your toughest questions—whether it’s weekend worries, scheduling shifts, or last-minute issues.

Commercial-Grade Materials, Backyard-Ready
From bustling business fronts to European soccer stadiums, our materials set the standard. We deliver this professional-grade quality directly to your backyard, ensuring your outdoor space is in a league of its own.

Superior Warranties
With our hassle-free 10-year warranty on covers and a 1-year workmanship warranty on pergolas, CYP stands by its craftsmanship longer than most. Rest easy knowing you’re covered, year after year.

Flexible Financing Options
Whether you’re spreading costs short-term or planning for the long haul, our interest-free financing up to 36 months ensures flexibility without the fees. We handle the interest, so you can invest in your dreams without the burden.

Experience True Peace of Mind
CYP is a place where your outdoor dreams are taken seriously, and every project is a priority. Discover the peace of mind that comes with partnering with a team that cares deeply about your outdoor living space.

What's on top of your pergola?

Rather have us install?

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Does your pergola have adequate slope?

Slope ensures proper water runoff, helping to prevent pooling, leaks, and the build-up of algae and mold. Refer to our guide on how to measure slope for accurate assessment.

How to Add Slope
Download, save, or view our guide for how to add slope to your pergola

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

You’ve got great taste. But you’ll need to add some slope

You’ve got great taste. Hercules is a perfect match

Hercules is a great fit for your structure. Please review our recommendations and instructions to ensure optimal installation.

       Recommendations

  • Max spacing: Ensure that spacing between shade slats and purlins does not exceed 36 inches.
  • Sizing requirements: Use a minimum of 2in x 2in for purlins or shade slats

How to Add Slope
Download, save, or view our guide for how to add slope to your pergola

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Hercules is a perfect match, but will require a couple simple modifications to your pergola

Modifications are necessary to accommodate the robust Hercules system.


How to Modify Pergola Structure


How to Add Slope
Download, save, or view our guide for how to add slope to your pergola

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Apollo is a perfect match, but your pergola could use some love

Apollo is a perfect match and ready to rock

Apollo offers adaptable coverage that fits well with your needs. Note that sheets will need to be cut to the exact dimensions of your pergola


How to Cut Sheets

How to Add Slope
Download, save, or view our guide for how to add slope to your pergola

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

How soon can we make your outdoor living dreams come true?

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Confirm your measurements

Accuracy is key! Ensure your measurements are precise. And always round up to the nearest foot.

 

Reminder
When measuring length, measure from the top side of the slope

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Hercules System Details

The System Includes

  • Sheets
  • Sheet connectors
  • End caps
  • Edge U-Profiles
  • Vent tape
  • Edge profile screws
  • Metal Clips
  • Screws for metal clips
  • Corner edge plugs
  • Flute covers
  • Anchor washers
  • Anchor screws

 

You will have to modify your structure for Hercules

How to Modify Pergola Structure

For the Hercules system we require a 2% slope

How to Add Slope

Download, save, or view our guide for how to add slope to your pergola

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Apollo System Details

The System Includes

  • Sheets
  • Cap connectors
  • Base connectors
  • U-Profiles
  • Wood screws
  • Washers
  • Vent Tape

You will have to cut the Apollo sheets to the correct width

How to Cut Sheets

For the Apollo system we recommend a 4% or more slope for best drainage

How to Add Slope

Download, save, or view our guide for how to add slope to your pergola

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Let’s make sure we got this right

Install Services Self Install

Type of Pergola Joist/Rafters

Length 20ft Width 60ft

Pergola Cover Hercules

The system includes

  • Sheets
  • Sheet connectors
  • End caps
  • Edge U-Profiles
  • Vent tape
  • Edge profile screws
  • Metal Clips
  • Screws for metal clips
  • Corner edge plugs
  • Flute covers
  • Anchor washers
  • Anchor screws

Color Rich Bronze

Location Parker, Colorado (80134)

Shipping

Total Cost $2,400

Starting at $500 /mo or 0% APR with affirm. See if you qualify

*Depending on credit worthiness

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Based on your pergola, your choice of Apollo works!

Nice choice. Apollo is a great for your set up

Apollo is a good fit for your structure. Please see our recommendations and instructions with your structure type.

       Recommendations

  • Max spacing: Ensure that spacing between shade slats and purlins does not exceed 36 inches.
  • Sizing requirements: Use a minimum of 2in x 2in for purlins or shade slats

How to Add Slope
Download, save, or view our guide for how to add slope to your pergola

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Schedule a time for us to connect.
We’ll review the next steps and get your estimate scheduled

Great! Can’t wait to chat with you.

Phone Consultation

One of our awesome team members will call you to learn more
about your project.

Phone number to call

(303) 533 - 5998

Call window

1:00 PM - 4:00PM MST 7/20/2024

How to measure slope

Why do you need slope?
  • Prevents pooling and leaking
  • Prevents algae and mold build-up
  • Increases the life of your pergola cover.
What you’ll need
  • 48” level -or- small level with a 48” board
  • Tape measure or ruler
  • Ladder
  1. For the most accurate measurement, you will need to measure on the top of your pergola. 
  2. Take your 48” long level or 48” long board with a small level sitting on top and lay it on the top of your pergola. 
  3. Raise the low end of the level / board until level. 
  4. Measure the distance between the pergola and the raised end of the level. 
  5. The Hercules system requires 1” or more of distance between the level and the raised end. The Apollo system requires 2” or more. If the measurements are less than those requirements, slope will need to be added. 
*Tips* 
  • Measure in multiple locations, such as the left, middle, and right side of your pergola. 
  • We do not recommend measuring the height (from the ground to top of the pergola) of the front and back of your pergola to get the slope. Patios are often sloped downward from the house, which does not allow for an accurate slope measurement.

How To Add Slope

Would you like to save the quote details?

Enter an email to send the quote details.

Where is the project?

Your zip code helps us determine service availability, accurately estimate shipping costs, and find nearby installation experts.

How big are we talking? Measure your pergola.

No need to stress about exact measurements! We just need a rough idea to give you a ballpark quote. If you decide to move forward, we’ll fine-tune the numbers together.

Got questions? Not vibing with online quizzes?
No worries—book a call with one of our friendly pergola pros!
Or if you’re shy, shoot us an email instead. We’re here either way.

Which pergola cover fits your needs?

Select from our systems, or let us help guide your choice!

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Worried about getting wet?

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Worried about high winds over 85 mph?

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

What is the average snowfall in your area?

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

We’ve got your perfect match! Apollo

Hercules

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

We’ve got your perfect match! Hercules

Experience the strength of Hercules, designed to withstand the toughest weather conditions and protect your outdoor space year-round.

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

We’ve got a custom quote, made just for you.

System Cover Hercules

Description
Our most advanced system. Designed for the elements and built to last.

Length 20ft Width 60ft

Install Services No

Color Rich Bronze

Location Parker, Colorado (80134)

Shipping

Estimated Tax

  • *These taxes are just an estimate and subject to change.

Total Cost $2,400

Starting at $500 /mo or 0% APR with affirm. See if you qualify

*Depending on credit worthiness


Talk it over with our team.
Schedule a call with one of our friendly pergola pros or shoot us an email here.

The CYP Difference

Custom Products, Tailored Service
Forget one-size-fits-all. Say hello to custom solutions tailored just for you. At CYP, our people are ready to tackle your toughest questions—whether it’s weekend worries, scheduling shifts, or last-minute issues.

Commercial-Grade Materials, Backyard-Ready
From bustling business fronts to European soccer stadiums, our materials set the standard. We deliver this professional-grade quality directly to your backyard, ensuring your outdoor space is in a league of its own.

Superior Warranties
With our hassle-free 10-year warranty on covers and a 1-year workmanship warranty on pergolas, CYP stands by its craftsmanship longer than most. Rest easy knowing you’re covered, year after year.

Flexible Financing Options
Whether you’re spreading costs short-term or planning for the long haul, our interest-free financing up to 36 months ensures flexibility without the fees. We handle the interest, so you can invest in your dreams without the burden.

Experience True Peace of Mind
CYP is a place where your outdoor dreams are taken seriously, and every project is a priority. Discover the peace of mind that comes with partnering with a team that cares deeply about your outdoor living space.

How soon can we make your outdoor living dreams come true?

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

To make sure nothing gets lost along the way, we’ll grab a bit more info and send you a copy of your estimate.

What's on top of your pergola?

Rather have us install?

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Does your pergola have adequate slope?

Slope ensures proper water runoff, helping to prevent pooling, leaks, and the build-up of algae and mold. Refer to our guide on how to measure slope for accurate assessment.


How to Add Slope

Download, save, or view our guide for how to add slope to your pergola

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

You’ve got great taste.
You’ll just need to modify your structure a little bit.

Hercules is the perfect match!


How to Modify Pergola Structure

Download, save, or view our guide for how to add slope to your pergola


How to Add Slope

Download, save, or view our guide for how to add slope to your pergola


How to Modify Pergola Structure

Download, save, or view our guide for how to add slope to your pergola

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Apollo is a perfect match. Your pergola could use some love

Apollo is the perfect match!


How to Add Slope

Download, save, or view our guide for how to add slope to your pergola

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

You’ve got great taste. You just need to add some slope.

You’ve got great taste. Hercules is a perfect match

       Recommendations

  • Max spacing: Ensure that spacing between shade slats and purlins does not exceed 36 inches.
  • Sizing requirements: Use a minimum of 2in x 2in for purlins or shade slats


How to Add Slope

Download, save, or view our guide for how to add slope to your pergola

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Confirm your measurements

Accuracy is key! Ensure your measurements are precise. And always round up to the nearest foot.

 

Reminder
When measuring length, measure from the top side of the slope

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Hey!

These are different than the first dimensions you entered.

Confirm these are correct as it will determine the size you are purchasing!

Apollo System Details

The System Includes

  • Sheets
  • Cap connectors
  • Base connectors
  • U-Profiles
  • Wood screws
  • Washers
  • Vent Tape

For the Apollo system we recommend a 4% or more slope for best drainage

How to Add Slope

Download, save, or view our guide for how to add slope to your pergola

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Hercules System Details

The System Includes

  • Sheets
  • Sheet connectors
  • End caps
  • Edge U-Profiles
  • Vent tape
  • Edge profile screws
  • Metal Clips
  • Screws for metal clips
  • Corner edge plugs
  • Flute covers
  • Anchor washers
  • Anchor screws

 

You will have to modify your structure for Hercules

How to Modify Pergola Structure

For the Hercules system we require a 2% slope

How to Add Slope

Download, save, or view our guide for how to add slope to your pergola

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Let’s make sure we
got this right

Install Services Self Install

Type of Pergola Joist/Rafters

Length 20ft Width 60ft

Pergola Cover Hercules

The system includes

  • Sheets
  • Sheet connectors
  • End caps
  • Edge U-Profiles
  • Vent tape
  • Edge profile screws
  • Metal Clips
  • Screws for metal clips
  • Corner edge plugs
  • Flute covers
  • Anchor washers
  • Anchor screws

Color Rich Bronze

Location Parker, Colorado (80134)

Shipping

Estimated Tax

  • *These taxes are just an estimate and subject to change.

Total Cost $2,400

Starting at $500 /mo or 0% APR with affirm. See if you qualify

*Depending on credit worthiness

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

The CYP Difference

Custom Products, Tailored Service
Forget one-size-fits-all. Say hello to custom solutions tailored just for you. At CYP, our people are ready to tackle your toughest questions—whether it’s weekend worries, scheduling shifts, or last-minute issues.

Commercial-Grade Materials, Backyard-Ready
From bustling business fronts to European soccer stadiums, our materials set the standard. We deliver this professional-grade quality directly to your backyard, ensuring your outdoor space is in a league of its own.

Superior Warranties
With our hassle-free 10-year warranty on covers and a 1-year workmanship warranty on pergolas, CYP stands by its craftsmanship longer than most. Rest easy knowing you’re covered, year after year.

Flexible Financing Options
Whether you’re spreading costs short-term or planning for the long haul, our interest-free financing up to 36 months ensures flexibility without the fees. We handle the interest, so you can invest in your dreams without the burden.

Experience True Peace of Mind
CYP is a place where your outdoor dreams are taken seriously, and every project is a priority. Discover the peace of mind that comes with partnering with a team that cares deeply about your outdoor living space.

How soon can we make your outdoor living dreams come true?

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

How soon can we make your outdoor living dreams come true?

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Do you have a concrete slab?

Every awesome project needs a good foundation for success. Got slab?

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

How big are we talking?

No need to stress about exact measurements! We just need a rough idea to give you a ballpark quote. If you decide to move forward, we’ll fine-tune the numbers together.

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Need a custom build for a funky shape? There’s more to life than squares and rectangles. Schedule a call and we’ll get you sorted.

What’s your material of choice?

Two great options to match any style.

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

We’ve got a custom quote, made just for you.

Remember, this is just an estimate and prices are subject to change. We’ll get a more accurate number after speaking with you directly.

Concrete Slab Yes

Pergola Build Free Standing

Length 20ft Width 60ft

Material Wood

Location Parker, Colorado (80134)

System Cover Hercules

  • 10 Year Warranty
  • Color

Description
Our most advanced system. Designed for the elements and built to last.

Color

Estimated Tax

  • *These taxes are just an estimate and subject to change.

Total Cost $2,400

Starting at $500 /mo or 0% APR with affirm. See if you qualify

*Depending on credit worthiness

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

The CYP Difference

Custom Products, Tailored Service
Forget one-size-fits-all. Say hello to custom solutions tailored just for you. At CYP, our people are ready to tackle your toughest questions—whether it’s weekend worries, scheduling shifts, or last-minute issues.

Commercial-Grade Materials, Backyard-Ready
From bustling business fronts to European soccer stadiums, our materials set the standard. We deliver this professional-grade quality directly to your backyard, ensuring your outdoor space is in a league of its own.

Superior Warranties
With our hassle-free 10-year warranty on covers and a 1-year workmanship warranty on pergolas, CYP stands by its craftsmanship longer than most. Rest easy knowing you’re covered, year after year.

Flexible Financing Options
Whether you’re spreading costs short-term or planning for the long haul, our interest-free financing ensures flexibility without the fees. We handle the interest, so you can invest in your dreams without the burden.

Experience True Peace of Mind
CYP is a place where your outdoor dreams are taken seriously, and every project is a priority. Discover the peace of mind that comes with partnering with a team that cares deeply about your outdoor living space.

How soon can we make your outdoor living dreams come true?

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Schedule a time for us to connect.
We’ll review the next steps and get your estimate scheduled

Great! Can’t wait to chat with you.

Phone Consultation

One of our awesome team members will call you to learn more
about your project.

Phone number to call

(303) 533 - 5998

Call window

1:00 PM - 4:00PM MST 7/20/2024

Which do you need?

Select one or both below

Cost: free

Can’t decide on a color? Grab some samples and see them in your space

Cost: $20

Get the full picture with System Samples!

Still got questions? We’ve got answers.
Schedule a call back. Or if you’re shy, drop us an email here.

Order Details

Color Samples

Free

4"x3"sample of the tinted bronze, white, and clear SkyPoly

System Samples

Cost $20

Sample of the Hercules and Apollo systems showing connectors and finished edges.
Total Cost $20

Thanks for visiting our new site!

We appreciate your patience as we work out the final kinks.